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17-alpha hydroxy Progesterone BioAssay ELISA Kit is a C-21 steroid hormone produced in the adrenal gland and gonads, during the synthesis of glucocorticoids and sex steroids. It is derived from progesterone via 17-hydroxylase, a P450c17 enzyme, or from 17-hydroxypregnenolone via 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/?5-4 isomerase. 17a -OHP has no defined physiologic role except as a precursor molecule. Serum 17a -OHP levels are age-dependent, with peak levels observed during fetal life and the immediate postnatal period. During the first week of life, serum 17a -OHP levels fall ~50-fold as compared to cord blood values. A small transient increase occurs in male infants 30-60 days postnatally. Levels for both sexes remain at constant low levels during childhood, and then progressively increase during puberty reaching adult levels of ~100ng/dl (~3.03nmol/l). As with cortisol, serum 17a -OHP levels normally have an ACTH-dependent diurnal variation, with peak levels in the morning and a nadir at night.In addition, ovarian production of 17a -OHP increases during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. 17-hydroxyprogesterone is a natural progestin and in pregnancy increases in the third trimester primarily due to fetal adrenal production. Normal levels are 3-90ng/dl in children and in women, 15-70ng/dl prior to ovulation, and 35-290 ng/dl during the luteal phase. Measurements of levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone are useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected congenital adrenal hyperplasia as the typical enzymes that are defective, namely 21-hydroxylase and 11ß-hydroxilase, lead to a build-up of 17OHP. In contrast, the rare patient with 17a-hydroxylase deficiency will have very low or undetectable levels of 17OHP.