Target Cruciform DNA Target background Inverted repeat sequences are known to form cruciform structures in negatively supercoiled DNA. They are widespread in the genomes of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, occurring more often than expected among random sequences. In some bacteria, extrusion of cruciform DNA is required for initiation of replication and transcription, though certain inverted repeat sequences are unstable when subcloned into bacteria. Because such structures might impair DNA replication fidelity, the role of inverted repeats in mutagenesis and in human diseases has been widely studied. Immunogen heteroduplex (cruciform) DNA Specificity Specific to stem loop structure of Cruciform DNA Clone ID 2D3 Isotype IgG1 Preservative None Format Purified with protein G, stored in PBS pH 7.4 and lyophilized. Recommend starting dilution If reconstituted with deionized water in 100 µL: EMSA 1-10 µg per sample, IF 1:200. Optimal dilution has to be determined by the user. Limitations Research Use Only Storage Lyophilized antibodies can be kept at 4ºC for up to 3 months and should be kept at -20ºC for long-term storage (2 years). To avoid freeze-thaw cycles, reconstituted antibodies should be aliquoted before freezing for long-term (1 year) storage (-80ºC) or kept at 4ºC for short-term usage (2 months). For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made with the assay buffer. After the maximum long-term storage period (2 years lyophilized or 1 year reconstituted) antibodies should be tested in your assay with a standard sample to verify if you have noticed any decrease in their efficacy. To limit antibody loss or degradation, BSA (final concentration 1%) and sodium azide (final concentration 0.02%) can be added to the suggested first dilution. It is important to first verify if those preservatives are compatible with your assay.