多巴胺（DA）可作为中枢神经系统中的神经递质。它是由氨基酸L-酪氨酸制成的一种儿茶酚胺。它还可作为肾上腺髓质囊泡中的一种激素，从而对心跳速率和血压进行控制。多巴胺能神经元的缺失与帕金森病有关。多巴胺由中枢神经系统黑质中的多巴胺能神经元生产和释放。参与诸如运动、行为、学习、奖赏、惩罚、想象、工作、记忆、情绪、睡眠、注意和催乳素生产抑制等各类活动。也可作为前体合成肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素等儿茶酚胺类物质。结节漏斗通路的多巴胺增加与精神分裂、幻觉、欣快和精神病有关。多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素缺乏是儿童病注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的神经化学基础。
应用：
盐酸多巴胺已用于：
1）研究白对虾 Litopenaeus vannamei中多巴胺介导的生理反应的瞬时调节；
2）研究多巴胺介导的罗氏虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）对格氏乳球菌的免疫易感性的变化；
3）在亨廷顿舞蹈病的体外模型中，研究多巴胺诱导的氧化应激和变异亨廷顿蛋白（mHtt）毒性与自噬途径激活之间的分子联系；
4）在以耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）为目标的抗微生物测试中，作为生物膜相中前酚氧化酶级联反应（PPO）的底物；
5）添加至培养基中以研究其对 H. contortus雌性蠕虫的作用。

application

Dopamine (DA) works as neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It is a catecholamine made from the amino acid L-tyrosine. It also works as a hormone in vesicles of the adrenal medulla, thereby controlling heart beat rate and blood pressure. Absence of DA-containing neurons is associated with parkinson′s disease.

Dopamine hydrochloride has been used to study dopamine-mediated transient modulation of the physiological responses in whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeusvannamei.

It has been used to study dopamine-mediated changes in immunity susceptibility to Lactococcus garvieae in the freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachiumrosenbergii.

It has been used to study the molecular link between dopamine-induced oxidative stress and mHtt (mutant Huntingtin) toxicity in relation to the activation of the autophagy pathway in an ‘in vitro′ model of parkinsonian Huntington′s Disease.

3-Hydroxytyramine, Hydrochloride is a major catecholamine neurotransmitter derived from the amino acid tyrosine and serves as the precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine.
A major catecholamine neurotransmitter