Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 16 (UniProt: Q9Y5T5; also known as EC:3.4.19.12, Deubiquitinating enzyme 16, Ubiquitin thioesterase 16, Ubiquitin-processing protease UBP-M, Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 16) is encoded by the USP16 (also known as MSTP039) gene (Gene ID: 10600) in human. USP16 specifically deubiquitinates lysine 120 of histone H2A (H2AK119Ub), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression, thereby acting as a coactivator. Deubiquitination of histone H2A is reported to be a prerequisite for subsequent phosphorylation at serine 11 of histone H3 (H3S10ph) and is required for chromosome segregation when cells enter into mitosis. In resting B- and T-lymphocytes, phosphorylation by Aurora kinase B leads to enhancement in its deubiquitinase activity, thereby maintaining transcription in resting lymphocytes. USP16 also regulates Hox gene expression via histone H2A deubiquitination. It is not shown to deubiquitinate histone H2B. USP16 can contribute to somatic stem cell defects observed in Down syndrome. USP16 is triplicated in Down syndrome and its overexpression contributes to proliferation defects in stem cells. Reduction of USP16 levels results in increased proliferation capacity of Down syndrome fibroblasts. (Ref.: Joo, HY., et al. (2007). Nature. 449(7165);1068-1072).，官网链接：https://www.sigmaaldrich.cn/product/mm/abs2211 默克 科研、开发、生产。 作为生命科学行业的全球领先供应商，我们致力于为科研、生物技术开发和生产，以及制药药物疗法开发和生产提供各类解决方案和服务。

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