Ryanodine receptor 2 (UniProt: Q92736; also known as RYR-2, RyR2, hRYR-2, Cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor, Cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel, Type 2 ryanodine receptor) is encoded by the RYR2 gene (Gene ID: 6262) in human. Ryanodine receptors are large ion channels that are located in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum membrane and are responsible for the release of Ca2+. They form homotetramers with a mushroom-like shape, consisting of a large cytoplasmic head and transmembrane stalk. In mammals three isoforms of RYR have been described (RYR 1-3) that are regulated by phosphorylation, redox modifications, and a variety of small proteins, and ions. Ryanodine receptor 2 is a multi-pass membrane protein with two cytoplasmic domains (aa 1-4281 and 4871-4967), six transmembrane domains, and one pore-forming domain (aa 4820-4829). It is the predominant form in cardiac muscle and is also expressed in Purkinje cells of cerebellum and cerebral cortex. It plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction and aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. Channel activity is modulated by ryanodine that binds to the open Ca2+-release channel with high affinity. At low concentrations, ryanodine maintains the channel in an open conformation, but high concentrations of ryanodine inhibit channel activity. Channel activity is also modulated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at serine 2808 and serine 2814 is shown to increase the open probability of the calcium channel. Phosphorylation is increased in failing heart, leading to calcium leaks, and increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels. (Ref.: Xiao, Z., et al. (2016). J. Biol. Chem. 291(47); 24528-24537; Lanner, JT., et al. (2010). Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2(11); a003996).，官网链接：https://www.sigmaaldrich.cn/product/mm/abs2231 默克 科研、开发、生产。 作为生命科学行业的全球领先供应商，我们致力于为科研、生物技术开发和生产，以及制药药物疗法开发和生产提供各类解决方案和服务。

非质量问题不退不换